JairamEnglish

  Chapter 2 Nelson Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom Mandela and South Africa Nelson Mandela's autobiography, "Long Walk to Freedom," tells the story of the fight against racial inequality in South Africa. Mandela became South Africa's first Black president in 1994, ending over 300 years of white rule. His party won the first democratic elections and formed the government. Mandela's Inauguration Many important people from around the world attended Mandela's inauguration ceremony. Mandela promised that South Africa would never again have one group of people ruling over another. He wanted everyone to be treated equally, regardless of their race or background. The ceremony was a symbol of change, with both black and white South Africans singing their national anthems. Mandela talked about the pain of racial discrimination and how people can learn to overcome hate. Mandela's Beliefs Mandela said everyone has two main responsibilities: family and country. Black p

  Diary Entry is a personal/informal writing where a person maintains a diary to chronologically record events or personal experiences. We can say that the purpose of making an entry in a diary can be anyone of the following- – To record the events of one’s life. – To share one’s experiences. Writing a diary is a beneficial hobby because of the following reasons – –  A person can share one’s emotions. – One can express his / her feelings – It is a record so it acts like a back-up for our memory to remember past events – Writing down our feelings acts like a vent and helps reduce stress – The activity improves our skills of written communication because it involves noting the slightest observations. Essentials of a good Diary Entry First person-  We use first-person narration when making a diary entry because it is a piece of writing about events from our own viewpoint. A Diary Entry should offer a unique first-hand perspective of momentous times in your life. Past tense-  Diaries shoul

Subramania Bharati (1882–1921) was a prominent Indian poet, freedom fighter, and social reformer. Hailing from Tamil Nadu, he ardently advocated for social equality, women’s rights, and India’s independence from British rule. His powerful and inspiring poetry, often expressing nationalist fervour, earned him the title “ Mahakavi Bharati .”   Vocabulary: Shutters : Protective covers for windows. Scatter : Spread or disperse in different directions. Rafters : Beams supporting the roof of a building. Crumbling : Breaking or falling apart into small pieces. Winnows : Separates the good from the bad, often referring to grains. Steadfast : Firmly fixed or unwavering. Implores : Begs or earnestly requests. Poking fun at : Making jokes or mocking in a light-hearted manner. Frail : Weak or delicate. Endures : Persists or lasts over time. Adversity : Difficulties or challenges. Extinguish : Put out or quench, m

Valli's Curiosity and Fascination: Valli, an eight-year-old girl known as Valliammai or Valli, found joy in observing her village street. Her favorite pastime was watching the daily activities from her front doorway, as she lacked playmates her age. Desire to Ride the Bus: Valli became enchanted by the bus that passed through her village on its way to the nearby town. Over time, a strong desire grew in her to experience a ride on this bus, despite initially knowing little about the town or the journey itself. Planning and Preparation for the Journey: Valli meticulously saved coins over many months to accumulate the necessary fare of sixty paise for the round-trip bus ride. She strategized how to slip away during her mother's afternoon nap to embark on her adventure. The Journey and New Experiences: On a spring day, Valli boldly boarded the afternoon bus, much to the amusement of the conductor and other passengers. The bus ride was a revelation for Valli, filled with awe at the